| This paper addresses the Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) Joint Combined Combat Operations (JCCO) communications capabilities for land operations, especially at the last tactical mile (LTM) for the 3rd Infantry Division (ID). The standard suite of communications resources for the 3rd ID included frequency modulation (FM) and high frequency (HF) radios, Enhanced Position Location Reporting System (EPLRS), Mobile Subscriber Equipment (MSE), Single channel tactical satellite (SC TACSAT), Force XXI Battle Command Brigade-and-below (FBCB2) Blue Force Tracker (BFT), Iridium, and International Maritime Satellite (INMARSAT). BFT turned out to be a very critical and highly useful communications resource during JCCO that was used by both the Army and Marines. |